Federal Laws, State Laws, and Executive Orders
- The Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, as amended in 1974, protects applicants and employees 40 years of age or older from discrimination on the basis of age.
- The Civil Rights Act of 1964 Title VI and Title VII, as amended, prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, or national origin.
- The Equal Pay Act of 1963 prohibits discrimination in wages on the basis of gender.
- The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 and the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, as amended, prohibits discrimination, requires affirmative action, and requires employers provide reasonable accommodation to employees and job applicants.
- Executive Order 11246, as amended, prohibits job discrimination and requires affirmative action in employment of women and minorities.
- Executive Order One, is the state of Virginia's commitment to non-discriminatory practices with the employment process
- The Civil Rights Act of 1991, among other things, provides monetary damages in cases of intentional employment discrimination.
- Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment of the United States Constitution prohibits states from denying any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. In other words, the laws of a state must treat an individual in the same manner as others in similar conditions and circumstances.
- The Higher Education Act of 1972, Title IX, as amended, prohibits employment discrimination on the basis of gender in educational programs which receive federal financial assistance.
- The Violence Against Women (VAWA) Reauthorization Act (2013) prohibits sexual assault, domestic violence, dating violence, and stalking. This federal legislation is sometimes referred to as the Campus Sexual Violence Elimination (SaVE) Act.
- The Veterans Readjustment Benefits Act (amended by the Vietnam Era Veterans Readjustment Assistance Act of 1974 and the Veterans Employment Opportunities Act of 1998) prohibits job discrimination and provides affirmative action in hiring.
- Uniform Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act of 1994, as amended, prohibits discrimination against persons because of their service in the uniformed services and requires reemployment of individuals returning from a period of service in the uniformed services.
- Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) of 2008, prohibits discrimination on the basis of genetic information with respect to health insurance and employment.
- Executive Order No.1 (2014) - Equal Opportunity
- The Virginia Human Rights Act declares that it is the policy of the Commonwealth to protect all individuals in the Commonwealth from unlawful discrimination based on race, color, religion, national origin, sex, pregnancy, childbirth or related medical conditions, age, marital status, or disability, in places of public accommodations, including educational institutions and in employment.
- The United States Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) lists Federal laws and regulations with detailed information.
- The United States Department of Labor, Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs (OFCCP) oversees federal contractors and has detailed information about equal employment opportunity laws.
- The United States Department of Education, Office for Civil Rights (OCR)’s mission is to ensure equal access to education and to promote educational excellence throughout the nation through enforcement of civil rights.